12 Steps to Run Pipe for Infloor Heat

If you’re looking for a way to add warmth and comfort to your home, radiant floor heating is a great option. This type of heating system uses warm water or electricity to heat the floor, which then radiates heat throughout the room. Radiant floor heating is very efficient, and it can be a great way to save money on your energy bills. While installing radiant floor heating is a job best left to professionals, it’s important to understand the process. Before you hire a contractor, take some time to learn about the basics of radiant floor heating. This information will help you make informed decisions about your project and ensure that you’re getting the best possible results.

Before installing radiant floor heating, you will need to determine the type of system you want to install. There are two main types of radiant floor heating systems: hydronic systems and electric systems. Hydronic systems use warm water to heat the floor, while electric systems use electricity. Hydronic systems are more efficient than electric systems, but they are also more expensive to install. However, hydronic systems can last for up to 50 years, while electric systems typically last for around 25 years. Once you have chosen the type of system you want to install, you will need to determine the layout of the pipes or cables. The layout of the pipes or cables will depend on the size and shape of the room, as well as the location of the heat source. Once you have determined the layout, you will need to install the pipes or cables. If you are installing a hydronic system, the pipes will need to be connected to a boiler or heat pump. If you are installing an electric system, the cables will need to be connected to a power source.

Once the pipes or cables have been installed, you will need to cover them with a layer of concrete or another type of flooring material. The type of flooring material you choose will depend on the type of radiant floor heating system you have installed. Once the flooring material has been installed, you will be able to enjoy the warmth and comfort of radiant floor heating. Radiant floor heating is a great way to add value to your home and make it more comfortable to live in. However, it is important to note that radiant floor heating is not a DIY project. It is important to hire a qualified contractor to install your radiant floor heating system. A qualified contractor will be able to ensure that your system is installed correctly and safely. They will also be able to provide you with advice on how to maintain your system and get the most out of it.

Planning Your Infloor Heat System

1. Determine the Size and Layout of Your System:

The size and layout of your infloor heat system will depend on the square footage of the area you want to heat, the insulation levels, and the desired temperature. It’s crucial to carefully plan the system’s layout to ensure even heat distribution and maximum efficiency.

2. Choose the Right Type of Pipe:

PEX (Polyethylene Cross-Linked): Durable and flexible, suitable for most residential applications.
PERT (Polyethylene of Raised Temperature Resistance): Similar to PEX, but with improved resistance to high temperatures.
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride): Rigid and durable, but requires special fittings and tools.
Copper: Excellent heat conductor, but more expensive and prone to corrosion.

3. Determine the Spacing of the Pipes:

The spacing of the pipes affects the heat output and evenness of the system. The closer the pipes are spaced, the more heat will be produced. The following table provides general guidelines for pipe spacing based on the desired heat output:

Heat Output (BTU/ft²)	Pipe Spacing (inches)
60-80	6-8
80-100	4-6
100+	3-4

Selecting the Right Piping Material

Choosing the appropriate piping material for your radiant heating system is crucial for its performance and longevity. Here are various options available and their pros and cons:

Polyethylene (PEX)

PEX pipes are flexible, making them easy to install around obstacles and curved lines. They are also durable and resistant to corrosion, suitable for both hot and cold water applications. However, PEX pipes can be more prone to oxygen diffusion, which can lead to corrosion of metal components in the system. They may also require specialized fittings and tools for installation.

Polybutylene (PB)

PB pipes share similar properties with PEX, such as flexibility and corrosion resistance. They are also lightweight and easy to work with. However, PB pipes have a higher risk of chlorine-induced stress cracks, making them less suitable for long-term use in areas with chlorinated water. Their flexibility can also make them vulnerable to sagging without proper support.

Laying Out the Piping

Once you have calculated the required amount and type of pipe, you need to lay it out according to the floor plan. Here are the steps involved in laying out the piping:

1. Mark the Perimeter

Start by marking the perimeter of the room on the subfloor. Use a chalk line or laser level to ensure that the lines are straight and parallel.

2. Determine the Spacing

Next, determine the spacing between the pipes. This spacing will depend on the type of floor covering you are installing and the heat output of the system. Generally, the spacing should be between 6 and 12 inches on center.

3. Create a Grid Pattern

Once you have determined the spacing, create a grid pattern on the subfloor. Use a chalk line or laser level to mark perpendicular lines parallel to the perimeter lines. The grid pattern will serve as a guide for laying the pipes.

Material	Pros	Cons
PEX	Flexible, resistant to corrosion, suitable for both hot and cold water	Susceptible to oxygen diffusion, requires specialized fittings
PB	Flexible, lightweight, corrosion resistant	Susceptible to chlorine-induced stress cracks, can sag without proper support
Copper	Durable, high thermal conductivity, corrosion resistant in most conditions	Rigid, difficult to bend, can be expensive
Steel	Durable, high thermal conductivity, can withstand high pressures	Rigid, susceptible to corrosion, requires a corrosion-resistant coating

Piping Layout Options	Description
Serpentine	In this layout, the pipes snake back and forth across the floor in a continuous loop. This option provides even heat distribution.
Radial	With a radial layout, the pipes extend outwards from a central point in the room. This option is suitable for rooms with irregular shapes.
Perimeter	In a perimeter layout, the pipes are installed around the edges of the room. This option is suitable for rooms with a large perimeter relative to its area.

Choose the piping layout that best suits your needs and the configuration of the room.

Connecting the Piping to the Boiler or Heat Source

Once the piping has been routed and secured, it’s time to connect it to the boiler or heat source. This process will vary depending on the specific type of boiler or heat source you have, but there are some general steps that apply to most systems.

Step 1: Determine the Boiler or Heat Source Outlets

Locate the outlets on the boiler or heat source where the piping will be connected. These outlets may be threaded or have a flange connection. If the outlets are threaded, make sure you have the appropriate fittings and sealants to create a watertight connection.

Step 2: Prepare the Piping Ends

Cut the piping to the desired length and prepare the ends for connection. This may involve threading the ends or installing flanges. If you’re using PEX tubing, you may need to use expansion fittings to connect it to the boiler or heat source.

Step 3: Connect the Piping to the Boiler or Heat Source

Carefully connect the piping to the boiler or heat source outlets. If you’re using threaded fittings, apply a sealant to the threads and tighten the connections securely. If you’re using flanges, bolt the flanges together and seal the connection with a gasket or other sealing material.

Step 4: Test the Connections

Once all the piping has been connected, it’s important to test the connections for leaks. Pressurize the system and check for any leaks at the connections or along the piping. If you find any leaks, tighten the connections or repair the piping as needed.

Boiler Type	Connection Type
Gas boiler	Threaded or flange
Electric boiler	Threaded or flange
Propane boiler	Flange
Oil boiler	Threaded

Testing the System for Leaks

Once the pipes have been installed, it’s time to test the system for leaks. This is done by pressurizing the system with water and then checking for any leaks. The pressure should be increased gradually until it reaches the operating pressure of the system. The system should be held at this pressure for at least 24 hours to allow any leaks to develop. If any leaks are found, they should be repaired and the system should be retested.

There are a few different ways to pressurize the system. One way is to use a hand pump to pump water into the system. Another way is to use a compressor to pressurize the system. If you are using a compressor, be sure to use a pressure regulator to prevent the pressure from getting too high. Once the system is pressurized, check for leaks by looking for any water droplets or wet spots. You can also use a leak detector to help you find leaks.

Leak Detection Methods	Description
Visual Inspection	Look for any water droplets or wet spots.
Leak Detector	Use a leak detector to help you find leaks.
Pressure Test	Pressurize the system and check for any drops in pressure.

If you find any leaks, they should be repaired as soon as possible. Leaks can cause damage to the flooring and the subfloor, and they can also lead to mold growth. To repair a leak, simply cut out the damaged section of pipe and replace it with a new piece of pipe. Be sure to use a pipe sealant to prevent any leaks from occurring in the future.

Installing the Flooring Over the Infloor Heat

Once the infloor heat system is installed, you’re ready to install the flooring. However, there are a few things to keep in mind:

Considerations Before Installing the Flooring

Before you begin installing the flooring, you should consider the following:

Type of flooring: Not all types of flooring are suitable for use with infloor heat. Ceramic tile and stone are good choices, as they conduct heat well. Hardwood floors can also be used, but they require a special underlayment.
Floor height: Infloor heat systems add height to the floor compared to when there was no heating system. This can affect the height of the doors and other fixtures in the room.

Thermal resistance: The type of flooring you choose will affect the thermal resistance. This number reflects how well the flooring conducts heat. The lower the thermal resistance, the better the heat transfer.

Installing the Flooring

Once you’ve considered these factors, you can begin installing the flooring:

Prepare the subfloor: The subfloor should be level and free of debris. If the subfloor is not level, it can cause problems with the infloor heat system.
Install the underlayment: The underlayment will help to protect the infloor heat system and provide a smooth surface for the flooring.
Install the flooring: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for installing the flooring. Be sure to use the correct type of adhesive or nails.
Turn on the infloor heat system: Once the flooring is installed, you can turn on the infloor heat system. Start by setting the thermostat to a low temperature and gradually increase it until you reach the desired temperature.
Monitor the system: Once the system is on, monitor it for any problems. Be sure to check the temperature of the floor regularly.
Enjoy your warm floors: With proper installation and maintenance, your infloor heat system will provide you with years of warm and comfortable floors.

Flooring Type	Thermal Resistance (R-value)
Ceramic Tile	0.5
Stone	0.7
Hardwood	1.0
Carpet	2.0

Maintaining Your Infloor Heat System

Infloor heat systems require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Here are some essential steps to keep your system running smoothly:

1. Flush the System Regularly

By circulating clean water or a solution through the pipes, flushing removes sediment, air bubbles, and other impurities that can affect heat transfer.

2. Bleed Air from the System

Air can accumulate in the pipes, creating cold spots in the floor. Bleeding allows air to escape through designated valves, ensuring even heat distribution.

3. Check and Adjust the Thermostat

The thermostat regulates the system’s temperature. Ensure it’s correctly calibrated and adjust it as needed to maintain desired warmth levels.

4. Monitor Pressure

The system operates within a specific pressure range. Monitor the pressure gauge and adjust it if necessary to maintain optimal performance.

5. Inspect the Heat Source

Whether using a boiler, heat pump, or other heat source, inspect it regularly for any issues that may affect heat production or distribution.

6. Clean the Manifold

The manifold is a central component that controls water flow and temperature. Clean it periodically to remove debris and ensure proper operation.

7. Comprehensive Annual Inspection

Schedule a thorough annual inspection by a qualified professional. They can check the entire system, including piping, connections, and electrical components, identify any potential problems, and recommend necessary repairs or maintenance.

Annual Maintenance Checklist
Flush the system Bleed air Check and adjust thermostat Monitor pressure Inspect heat source Clean the manifold Comprehensive inspection by a professional

Troubleshooting Common Infloor Heat Problems

8. No heat or uneven heating

If you’re not getting any heat from your infloor heating system, or if the heat is unevenly distributed, there are a few things you can check:

Check the thermostat. Make sure the thermostat is turned on and set to the correct temperature.
Inspect the circuit breaker or fuse for the heating system. If the circuit breaker has tripped or the fuse has blown, reset the circuit breaker or replace the fuse.
Check the wiring connections. Make sure all the electrical connections are tight and secure.
Inspect the heating element. If the heating element has been damaged, it will need to be replaced.
Check the temperature sensor. If the temperature sensor is not working properly, the system will not be able to regulate the temperature correctly.
Inspect the water pump. If the water pump is not working properly, it will not be able to circulate the water through the system.
Check the flow meter. If the flow meter is not working properly, it will not be able to measure the flow rate of the water.
Inspect the pressure relief valve. If the pressure relief valve is not working properly, it will not be able to release excess pressure from the system.

Problem	Possible Cause	Solution
No heat	Tripped circuit breaker or blown fuse	Reset circuit breaker or replace fuse
Uneven heating	Faulty heating element	Replace heating element
System not regulating temperature	Faulty temperature sensor	Replace temperature sensor

Advantages of Infloor Heat

Infloor heating systems offer numerous advantages that make them a popular choice for modern homes and renovations. These systems provide:

Enhanced Comfort

Infloor heat distributes warmth evenly throughout the room, eliminating cold spots and drafts. This creates a more comfortable and inviting living environment.

Energy Efficiency

Infloor heat systems operate at lower temperatures than traditional radiators or forced-air furnaces, which reduces energy consumption. Additionally, they utilize hydronic heat, which retains heat for longer periods.

Improved Health

Infloor heat reduces the circulation of dust and allergens, improving air quality and reducing the risk of respiratory issues. It also promotes blood circulation and can alleviate discomfort from cold feet.

Space Optimization

Infloor heat systems are hidden beneath the floor, freeing up valuable wall and floor space for furniture, artwork, and other decorations.

Quiet Operation

Infloor heat systems operate silently, eliminating the noise of fans or air vents. This creates a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere.

Increased Curb Appeal

Infloor heat adds value to your home and makes it more desirable to potential buyers. It is often viewed as a luxury feature that enhances the overall comfort and livability of the property.

Low Maintenance

Infloor heat systems require minimal maintenance. Once installed, they can last for decades with proper care and occasional inspections.

Suitability for Various Flooring Types

Infloor heat systems are compatible with a wide range of flooring materials, including tile, stone, laminate, and hardwood. This flexibility allows for a customized heating solution that complements your décor.

Affordability

While the initial installation cost of an infloor heat system may be higher than traditional heating systems, the long-term savings on energy bills and maintenance make it a cost-effective investment.

Long Lifespan

Infloor heat systems typically have a lifespan of 30 years or more, making them a durable and long-lasting solution for your heating needs. The PEX tubing used in these systems is highly resistant to corrosion and leaks.

10. Lay the PEX Tubing

Once the subfloor is prepared, it’s time to lay the PEX tubing. Start by unrolling the tubing and cutting it to the desired length. The tubing should be laid in a serpentine pattern, with each loop spaced 6-12 inches apart. Avoid sharp bends or kinks in the tubing, as this can restrict water flow. Secure the tubing to the subfloor using staples or ties, ensuring that it is held in place firmly but not too tightly.

Steps: 1. Unroll the PEX tubing 2. Cut the tubing to the desired length 3. Lay the tubing in a serpentine pattern 4. Space the loops 6-12 inches apart 5. Avoid sharp bends or kinks in the tubing 6. Secure the tubing to the subfloor using staples or ties

How to Run Pipe for Infloor Heat

Installing an infrom heat system in your home can be a great way to improve your comfort and energy efficiency. Infloor heat systems use hot water or electric wires to heat your floors, which radiates heat evenly throughout the room. This can make your home more comfortable to walk on, and it can also help to reduce your heating bills. If you are thinking about installing an infrom heat system, one of the first steps is to run the pipe for the system. This can be a challenging task, but it is important to do it correctly to ensure that your system works properly.

To run the pipe for an infrom heat system, you will need the following tools and materials:

PEX tubing
PEX fittings
Crimping tool
Pipe cutter
Measuring tape
Level
Hammer
Nails
Screwdriver
Drill
Hole saw

Once you have gathered your tools and materials, you can begin running the pipe. The first step is to determine the layout of your infrom heat system. You will need to decide where you want the pipes to run and how you will connect them to the boiler or heat source. Once you have determined the layout, you can begin cutting the pipe to length. Use a pipe cutter to make clean, square cuts.

After you have cut the pipe to length, you will need to connect the fittings. Use a crimping tool to crimp the fittings onto the pipe. Make sure that the fittings are crimped tightly to prevent leaks. Once you have connected the fittings, you can begin running the pipe. Start by running the pipe from the boiler or heat source to the first room in the system. Use a level to make sure that the pipe is level. Secure the pipe to the floor with nails or screws.

Continue running the pipe from room to room, following the layout that you determined earlier. Make sure that the pipe is level and secure it to the floor as you go. Once you have run the pipe to all of the rooms in the system, you can connect it to the boiler or heat source. Turn on the system and check for leaks. If you find any leaks, tighten the fittings until the leaks stop.